Industrial Tribunal Procedure Rules Essays - 1235 Words

Malta is a democratic state in which it incorporates fundamental rights and freedom; in fact the Constitution of Republic of 1974 says that all the citizens have the right to work. In the Constitution and in the Employment and Industrial Relations Act of 2002 one can find the principles and rights of the worker. These may vary from working hours, gender, training and means of subsistence. The Act of 2002 represents Malta and is considered as the primary source of employment law. Together with a number of subsidiary legislations this act governs industrial relations in Malta as an example the Industrial Tribunal Procedure Rules. The employee has the right to be informed about his or her conditions of employment which these are found in the†¦show more content†¦The employer will be assured that his/her employees are aware of the conditions they signed; therefore there will be a lower risk of an industrial dispute from both parties. It is recognized and permitted by the law that when an employer offers opportunities for employment, they are justified to subject the job-seeker. The discriminatory treatment occurs when there is exclusion on the basis of pregnancy or potential pregnancy, marital status, religion, sex, disability, skin colour, political opinion or membership in a trade union. It also comprises that the action of hiring a person of the opposite sex is done and based only on pervious work experience and performance.It could be regarded as illegitimate and offensive, if the employer or employee tries to harass another person in the organization by subjecting such person to unwanted act, words and gestures or ask for sexual favours. This Act binds that part-time workers arent allowed to be treated in less favourable way and disciminated just because they dont work forty hours per week. They have the same rights as full-timers and at least they should work 20-hour service. However, they have more time to ameliorate their grades by applying for vocational training or career advancement opportunities. When an employee does not follow the conditions that are signed in the collective agreement, fines must be paid. These may differ according to the action done by the employee to theShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Pros and Cons of the Tribunal System946 Words   |  4 PagesAdvantages and Disadvantages of the Tribunal System In order to identify the advantages and disadvantage of the tribunal system and the court system it is necessary to firstly identify what they are, their purpose and then what the advantages and disadvantages of these two systems of dispute resolution are. The courts are the formal courts of law that have been established over many years. Their purpose is to uphold the law of the land as dictated by statute and impose this law overRead MoreUnfair Dismissal Of The United Kingdom1179 Words   |  5 Pagesemployee’s job lawfully if the employer follows a fair procedure, acts plausibly and has a fair reason.( Gwyneth Pitt, Employment Law , 8th edn, Sweet and Maxwell 2011) Once it has been established that the dismissal came under one of the potentially fair heads of dismissal identified in section 98 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 where there is dispute the tribunal must also then determine whether the dismissal was in fact fair. In essence the tribunal will use statutory test to determine whether theRead MoreAlternative Methods of Resolving Legal Disputes599 Words   |  3 Pagescourt. Such methods include Tribunals as well as Arbitration. There are different Tribunals which exist to resolve a variety of disputes. Generally, a tribunal is known to be any person or institution with the authority to judge, to pass that particular judgment, or to determine claims or disputes. For example the industrial tribunal sits to dertermine statutory employment law disputes such as wrongful dismissal, unfair dismissal and redundancy. However industrial tribunals serve to resolve many moreRead MoreEmployment Tribunal Essay example2106 Words   |  9 PagesAnalysis of Employment Tribunals: Is It Fit for Purpose? Employment tribunals were established under the Industrial Training Act 1964. They were previously referred to as Industrial Tribunals, but their name was changed by s1 of the Employment Rights (Dispute Resolution) Act 1998, which took effect on 1 August 1998(J.Nairns,2011,p.6). Now, HM Courts Tribunals Service which is an executive agency ofRead MoreA Brief Note On The Settlement Of Labour Management Disputes1790 Words   |  8 Pageslabour-management disputes is known as industrial law. Labour-management disputes are disputes relating to an industry. Prior to the year 1947, labour-management disputes were being settled under the provisions of the Trade Disputes Act, 1929. Later, the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 was enacted to ensure specific justice to both employers and workmen and to advance the progress of the industry by bringing about harmony and cordial relationship between the par ties. The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 is an importantRead MoreCpc Inherent Jurisdiction4892 Words   |  20 PagesCode of Civil Procedure Assignment II â€Å"Civil Court has Inherent Jurisdiction to take cognizance of all dispute of Civil Nature except when barred.† -Siddhesh S Pradhan -241 -Division C -BBA LLB Year 4 INTRODUCTION Jurisdiction means the power or authority of a Court of law to hear and determine a cause or matter.[1] It is the power to entertain, deal with and decide a suit, an action, petition or other proceeding.[2] In Smt Ujjambai v. State of UP[3] it was stated that exclusion of jurisdictionRead MoreIndustrial Dispute Tribunal3029 Words   |  13 PagesComposition, Role and function of the Industrial Dispute Tribunal. Composition The Industrial Dispute Tribunal was conceptualized as an established permanent body for easier access to arbitration, an alternative to industrial action, and as an avenue for economic growth through its dispute settlement and income policy potential. According to George Phillip in his book A-Z of Industrial Relations Practice at the work place â€Å"Dispute may be defined as a quarrel between a worker and an employer orRead MoreShort Answer Essays on Collective Labour Law1714 Words   |  7 Pagesvoluntary agreement or following statutory procedures which involves the Central Arbitration Committee. Voluntary recognition is where the employer does not recognise a trade union in the workplace, if this happens a trade union can be recognised by making a voluntary agreement with the employer. Statutory recognition is if an employer does not want to make a voluntary agreement with a trade union, then the trade union can follow a statutory procedure for recognition if the workplace employees haveRead MoreVoluntary Arbitration as a Method of Industrial Dispute Resolution3031 Words   |  13 PagesSection 10 A of industrial dispute act makes provisions for voluntary reference of dispute to arbitration- a critical study INTRODUCTION: This section was inserted by S 8 of the Industrial Dispute (Amendment and miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1956 and it was enacted with the object of enabling employees to voluntarily refer their disputes to arbitration themselves by a written agreement and for the enforcement of agreements between them reached otherwise then in the course of conciliation proceedingsRead MoreIndustrial Disputes And Its Effect On A Progressive Nation1076 Words   |  5 Pagesachieved its independence, as industrial development has always been associated with a progressive nation. The legislative history of industrial disputes can be traced from the year 1890. Even though there were acts like Merchant Shipping Act of 1859, Workmen s Breach of Contract, 1860, the actual development and growth of central legislative measures to govern industrial legislation in India can be examined and studied from Workmen s Dispute Act, 1860, to the present Industrial Dispute Act, 1947 which

Research Specific Risks, Threats, And Vulnerabilities On...

Research specific risks, threats, and vulnerabilities to Web and social networking applications Social networking worms: Social networking worms include Koobface, which has become, according to researchers, the largest Web 2.0 botnet. While a multi-faceted threat like Koobface challenges the definition of worm, it is specifically designed to propagate across social networks (e.g., Facebook, mySpace, Twitter, hi5, Friendster and Bebo), enlist more machines into its botnet, and hijack more accounts to send more spam to enlist more machines. All the while making money with the usual botnet business, including scareware and Russian dating services. Trojans: Social networks have become a great vector for Trojans -- click here and you get: Zeus -- a potent and popular banking Trojan that has been given new life by social networks. There have been several recent high-profile thefts blamed on Zeus, notably the Duanesburg Central School district in New York State late in 2009. Once a Zeus Trojan infects a machine, it remains dormant until the end user visits a Web page with a form to fill out. One of the toolkit s most powerful features is that it allows criminals to add fields to forms at the browser level. This means that instead of directing the end user to a counterfeit website, the user would see the legitimate website but might be asked to fill in an additional blank with specific information for security reasons. URL Zone -- is a similar banking Trojan, but evenShow MoreRelatedEssay on Final Project2965 Words   |  12 PagesSecurity for Web Applications and Social Networking Graded Assignments: Project Project Project Title Transforming to an E-Business Model Purpose This project provides you an opportunity to assume a specific role in a business situation. You then apply the competencies gained in this course to develop a solution for a business problem related to an organization’s transformation to an e-business model. Learning Objectives and Outcomes You will be able to: Gain an overall understandingRead MoreThe Impact Of Security Management System On The University Of Michigan1701 Words   |  7 PagesUniversity of Michigan has an open network architecture that is extensively used for student access, faculty research, and university collaboration. But this architecture makes it vulnerable to many attacks. There are thousands of student/staff computers and handheld devices on the wireless and wired segments which might be either compromised or infected. Furthermore, since the computing environment is decentralized and the philosophy of academic freedom is followed, establishing an effective informationRead MoreNetwork Security And Management Policy3822 Words   |  16 Pagesthe security and vulnerabilities dealing with network security and management policy in information technology to maintain the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of a system or network, its information, resources, and its immediate infrastructure. The topics are the overview of Web services, social engineering, system components, architecture, protocols, future security trends, security vulnerabilities programs, the evolution of network security, internet vulnerabilities, online securityRead MoreThe Psychological Factors Attackers Into Social Engineering Attacks2152 Words   |  9 Pagessecurity measures in response to evolving attack tactics. As defenders gradually update their security measures, attackers respond accordingly. Such arms-race dynamics lead to threats of increasing sophistication an d efficiency. Today’s cybercriminals often have a long-term interest in their targets and often employ social engineering to get inside a protected environment. Their tactics commonly include malicious payload that attempts to compromise the victim’s system and may continue spreading withinRead MoreEssay on Safe Social Networking1717 Words   |  7 PagesSocializing Securely: Using Social Networking Services Mindi McDowell and Damon Morda Social Networking Serves Many Purposes Social networking is a way for people to connect and share information with each other online. Millions of people worldwide regularly access these types of services from mobile devices, applications, and websites. According to statistics published by some of the most well-known social networking services, there are more than 500 million active users on Facebook1, 175 millionRead MoreDangers of the Internet2809 Words   |  12 Pagesâ€Å"Research Paper† â€Å"Nobody is Safe on the Internet† Many people view the internet as an ultimate resource for anything they desire. The people who say that the internet is a brilliant invention for the best have reasons backing up their idea. For example, Sherry Turkle writes about such ideas explaining how the internet is an excellent tool for the better in her essay, â€Å"Can You Hear Me Now?† Turkle believes strongly that the invention of the internet is an innovation for the better and emphasizesRead MoreEssay Human Vulnerability and IT Security2336 Words   |  10 Pagesreporting the greatest vulnerabilities to leadership. Senior management is often surprised to hear that the greatest vulnerability within an organization is not a misconfigured firewall or a virus being forwarded across an internal e-mail server, but rather a human being. When compared to a piece of hardware or software, a human user is easily the single most targeted weakness within an organization. Defining the Human Vulnerability Charles and Shari Pfleeger define a vulnerability as â€Å"a weakness inRead MoreIs Data Breaching The Harmful Effect Of Breaching. A Large Scale Industry?1637 Words   |  7 Pages Fig 1: Info graphic representing report of data breaching Generally, when a hacker attacks the personal information, in these cases the authorities suggests companies or organizations to inform everyone whose information may have been at risk or compromised. There are some information security industries which implement numerous guidelines which help to govern the protection of confidential data from data breaches. Today, the security breaches at an alarming stage, Last year there wereRead MoreData Breaching And Its Effects1680 Words   |  7 Pages Fig 1: Info graphic representing report of data breaching Generally, when a hacker attacks the personal information, in these cases the authorities suggests companies or organizations to inform everyone whose information may have been at risk or compromised. There are some information security industries which implement numerous guidelines which help to govern the protection of confidential data from data breaches. Today, the security breaches at an alarming stage, Last year there were

Leadership Styles

Question: How would you defend the return on investment when suggesting to an incredulous leader that they develop soft skills such as being friendly or being approachable as an effective way to improve the morale in their organization? Answer: Return on investment is the ratio that renders economic benefits in relation with cost. It is recommended to an incredulous leader for developing soft skills because it will help in understanding people skills asking for return on particular investment (Goleman et al. 2013). These skills will help in describing personal attributes and indicating high level of emotional intelligence. Soft skills are mostly applicable for job titles as well as industries. Friendly attitude of leaders will help employees in expressing grievances against the organization. Therefore, morale of an organization can be built easily by transparent communication between management and employees (Northouse, 2015). Employees working in an organization should approach the leaders and easily accessible at the same time. Transformational leadership allows followers in expressing views as well as opinions in the most appropriate way. Defending return on investments demonstrates in related investments for various est hetic qualities in stimulating co-investments. Reference List Goleman, D., Boyatzis, R., McKee, A. (2013).Primal leadership: Unleashing the power of emotional intelligence. Harvard Business Press. Northouse, P. G. (2015).Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications.

The Western Lowland Gorilla Essays - Mammals Of Africa, Gorillas

The Western Lowland Gorilla: The Western Lowland Gorilla: A comparison with humans and a critique of methods of study. By Fokren Masters For thousands of years, men and women have strived to explain the why of their existence. To discover the reasons for how we act the way we do and what this knowledge can do to impact the way we live our lives in this complex society that we have created. One of the ways that science has begun to shed light on the inner workings of the human condition is through Primatology. Built from the words Primate which refers to a group of animals closely related to humans and logos which is a Greek word meaning ?the study of' Primatology's goals include more than simply to amass data on the primate species. Rather a Primatologist observes data about primates in an effort to understand the primate species under their study and to relate that data back to the human condition so that we can learn more about ourselves through our evolutionary cousins. In recent years, Primatologists have done much research on all aspects of the life of the western lowland Gorilla, known scientifically as: gorilla gorilla gorilla (Fay, 1989). In this paper I will compare these primates, more precisely classified as great apes, to humans in an attempt to illuminate both differences and similarities between the two species. More specifically, I will focus on the social structure of the western lowland Gorilla, describing how these predominantly gentle creatures live in a society similar to that of humans in many ways. Finally, in my conclusion I will explore the methods that Primatologists use to study primates such as the western lowland Gorilla and whether those methods are biased towards or against the Gorillas. However, I cannot draw indelible conclusions about these subjects as I have had no time studying these animals in the field and have only the observations and writings of others from which to draw my data and form opinions. The most common of the Gorilla species, there are approximately ten thousand to thirty five thousand western lowland Gorillas in the wild and five hundred and fifty individuals in captivity worldwide. They are found in Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, Central African Republic and Zaire in increasingly shrinking habitats due to the incessant encroachment of human populations. Western lowland gorillas are covered with black or brown-gray fur with black skin on chests, palms, and faces. Red heads are common in Camaroon gorillas especially. Males develop a silver back as they mature this is not unlike the tendency for many human males to develop gray hair as they mature as well. The main difference being that only Gorilla males develop silver backs whereas in humans both males and females alike tend to lose their hair coloring with age. Unlike humans, which are bipedal, walking on two legs, Gorillas are quadrupedal, they walk on all fours with the soles of their feet flat on the ground with the knuckles of the hands curled and planted on the ground (Schaller, 1963). Although they are mainly quadrupedal, gorillas can travel bipedally but generally no farther than approximately six meters (Schaller, 1963). This upright stance is used most often used for chest beating, to observe something of interest, or to reach an object (Schaller, 1963). Gorillas recognize each other by their faces and body shapes. Each gorilla has a unique nose print which researchers can use to identify animals in the field (Schaller, 1963). This is very much like humans who recognize each other almost exclusively by visual identification of the facial features. Gorillas sleep about 13 hours each night and rest for several hours at midday. They build new sleeping nests every night by bending nearby plants into a springy platform, usually on the ground or in low trees. When not resting, they spend most of their time looking for food and eating it. Despite their fearsome size (three hundred to five hundred pounds for males and one hundred fifty to two hundred fifty pounds for females) and large canine teeth the western lowland gorilla is an herbivore. They consume over two hundred types of leaves, tubers, flowers, and fruit, supplemented with fungus and some types of insects. Gorillas do

How To Cite Poetry In An Essay Essay Example

How To Cite Poetry In An Essay Paper There is no doubt that you have faced with the poem quotation while writing different academic and non-academic papers. It is an essential part of the qualitative piece as it proves the credibility of source and originality of paper. To some extend quoting poetry differs from the citing the prose. The verses are a special genre of literature that requires structural and stylistic specificity. Nevertheless, we want to show you the key steps and strategies that will help you realize crucial moments of this process. How to cite poetry in the essay? That question will be simple for you. Hold breath as we intend to show you how to cite poem. We aimed to make this process easier for you. How to quote long and short poetry in the essay? Introduce the quote Do not forget to make a brief epigraph for the quotation as it will introduce the reader its author and essence. It can be convoluted if you just post a quote without any additional information. Such thing can discourage target audience and make them annoying. We will write a custom essay sample on How To Cite Poetry In An Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on How To Cite Poetry In An Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on How To Cite Poetry In An Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We highly recommend you to start with the phrase: â€Å"Shakespeare wrote†¦.† This intro will clear up the reader whom that quotation belongs. Add slashes for short quotes When you use three lines verse, it is considered as short. You have to mark it that is why use slashes or semicolon. Do not forget to format it well; you have to add spaces around the slash. Learn more how to act with the more than three lines poem. There are moments when you can write the quotation in line. It makes the structure clearer. Intend long quotes When you work with the wordage poem, you have to set off from the left the several quotes that are important for your analysis. After you present the intro, you have to make the logical bridge to the next portion of quotation. Do not forget to structure it well as this aspect influence the quality and scores. Another key thing to know is that you don’t need to use quotation marks with the block quotes. But still how to cite poetry in the essay? Mention the spacing Different formats are used for writing academic and non-academic papers. We highly recommend you to use MLA as it is suitable for most of the themes and types. When you use Modern Language Association style, you have to keep the double spacing through the whole paper. At the first glimpse, it looks not well as there is too much space between the line. Do not worry about it as the quality of the paper is far more important than the outlook. Mark the blanks It is a common case to remove some words when you are citing the poem. It helps you make the sentence shorter and convey its main idea. We intend to tell you how to show such things within the text. The rule is simple-use three dots in a row. Thanks to such trick the readers will realize that you haven’t use the completed quotation. Add the quote to your argument When you write the analysis, you have to present the quotation of the author and essence of the certain lines that are important in your writing. We invoke you not to complicate the structure and avoid the additional ellipses or quotation marks. It is better to convey the main idea and summarize the crucial aspects. It will make the structure logical and attract more readers, and you will not ask how to cite poetry in the essay. How to make MLA citation? Use parentheses for citation When you present the quotation or borrowed information your task is to make the in-text citation. Perhaps you will ask: â€Å"Why?† The reason and answer are simple; you have to show the reader the source and prove that your paper is unique. There are moments when students are confused about this aspect of quotation. Be ready to clarify everything. There is no difference whether you paste the direct quotation or rephrase it. In both cases, you need to make an in-text citation. In connection with the fact that you may have a long and short quotation, the citation should close them; it means that it should go at the end of the sentence. If you present the quotation with several lines, we highly recommend you to put the citation at the end. Hope everything is clear and how to cite poetry in the essay as well. The author’s name in citation This is a high time to speak about the author’s name in the citation. On the one hand, you have to include it when you cite the poem and submit the lines without the introductory phrase â€Å"†¦ tells†. It is a crucial thing as the name tells the reader who is the original creator of the poem. It helps avoid the convoluted situation. On the other hand, there is no need to indicate the author name in the citation if you noted it in the introduction. You do not need to emphasis the name twice. In such case, you have to name the poem and page number. Line numbers It is a high time to speak about the second part of the citation and title the poem. According to the common formatting rules, you have to identify the line that you have used for the essay. Sometimes, students cheat audience and write the numbers randomly. Do not follow this bad example. While searching the sources and using them, you have to make a note and remember which of the part of wordage poem you have used. Some readers want to re-read the source and compare the plot with your interpretation. How to make the end reference with the help of MLA The final references are one of the most complicated procedure as you have to know the main rules and follow them. Nowadays, you can use different services that can do this work instead of you. Your task is just to submit the required data of the author and source. Of course, it sounds very sweet and positive, but we invoke you to learn how to do it without the side help. When you make a reference list, you have to put the author last name beforehand and then follow it by the first and middle. For instance, Byron, George Gordon, Lord. You have to know the year the poem was published. If the author’s name is anonymous, start the reference with the poem title and date of publication. Identify where you found the poem After you write the name, title, and year, you have to show where you have found the poem and wrote the publisher. It could be a book or network. Now you are armed with the integral knowledge about how to cite poetry in the essay. Do not hesitate and show your skills.

Labor Relations,Unions and Organization

Labor Relations,Unions and Organization Free Online Research Papers In today’s business market, some of the employees in the workplace either belong to a union organization, or are seeking to organize one, especially in the state of California. In many cases this idea is not the employer list of main concerns. Employees are always looking to obtain the best possible benefit when becomes to work efforts. Employees want to be able to select jobs, negotiate pay, benefits, working hours, and working conditions (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhert, and Wright, 2009). When employees are seeking of all these working conditions terms, and employees believe that are not being hear by the management team, employees will look for other alternatives such as coming together to form, or be part of a union organization. The constant balancing act between the needs of the employee and the goals and needs of the company are a fine line. Each of these should be protected and preserved. The purpose of this paper is to define unions, labor relations, and the impact on organ izations. The paper will then examine the impact of changes in employee relations strategies, policies, and practices on organizational performance. Last, describe if unions are still relevant in the United States. Unions, labor relations, and their impact on the organizations Unions Union is defined as an organization formed to represent its member’s interest, and deals with the employers to achieve these interests (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhert, and Wright, 2009). Some of the union roles is to deal with problems when is a conflict between the employees and the employers. An example of this occurs when employees believe that are not being paid the right amount of money for the job performed, employees believe that they have been exposed to a non-safety working environment, and employees do not have access to enough benefits. When the employees have exposed these concerns to the employer, and the employer’s response is without feedback from the employee, the employees will believe that the staff’s concerns were not given enough consideration from the manager side of view. Therefore, union organizations will step in to assist. Unions will deal with the employer, and try to accommodate the employees concerns within the organization. Labor Relations Labor relations can be defined as relations between company management and staff. Labor relations are also referred to as industrial relations. Personnel or a group of workers are represented by trade unions. Labor relations with unions can take place on a variety of different levels from regional and national to an international stage. The main challenge is the labor relations ability to adapt to changes in the market. Technology develops at a rapid rate as should the relationship between union workers and management. Labor relations is considered the management skills of a union leader who are used on effective ways to minimize expenses on conflicts such as strikes, and work to accomplish a win-win situation for any disagreement (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhert, and Wright, 2009). Strikes can be very cost-effective for the patties involved. Without any lead on a situation like this, the results could be very unsatisfactory. Leaders are seeking for the best solution that will meet the empl oyee’s interests. Impacts on the Organizations Unions and labor relations have caused some negative impacts within the organization. Unions are not cost-effective to the organization. Some organizations try to avoid union organizations in the workplace by providing and meeting employee’s interests. Once a union has started within a company, the union will weave itself into every part of the organization as it pertains to the employee while the mother company has no control over that entity as to where the union ends and the company begin. However, some of these interests are not reachable, and occur when the conflict between employees and employers begins. Changes in employee relations strategies, policies, and organizational performance Some of the impact changes in employee relation strategies are that management will make decisions within the organization with employees who are part of union organizations or are not. The organization’s policies and procedures will be followed the same to accomplish the organization’s goals and objectives. The organizational performance is measured to accomplish the same goals. Companies are concerned about union organization’s activities and how they will affect the performance and impact profit, productivity and stock performance (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhert, and Wright, 2009). â€Å"Are the unions still relevant in the United States?† Unions are still relevant in the United States organizations. This is an every day debate between the workforce and organizations. The workforce is always looking on how to accomplish the best employee’s interest in the workplace, and organizations are always finding how to keep unions off in the workplace. Unions as was mentioned are organizations that deal with employers in any union’s members concerns. Unions help its members on different ways. Unions are responsible for campaigns and elections. These campaigns and elections are performed to support and re-enforce the union organizations. Unions are responsible to negotiate contracts. In these contracts decisions such as: pay structure, job security, work rules, and workplace safety are discussed and negotiated. Employers and employees are part of the terms and are affected by these contracts (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhert, and Wright, 2009). If the contract is violated, or it was a disagreement of terms between the two parties, the unions will form a union strike to fight for the employees rights. An example of this event is at the San Francisco’s California Pacific Medical Center. This hospital had been on strike from union workers for several weeks. This strike was caused by the rejection of the management contract and violations of the guidelines of a settlement. The contract was based on three terms. First, allow third party arbitration to assist employee’s concerns. Second, set up union organization’s rules. Third, establish terms of training and education firms for union members. The strike continued until an agreement between the unions and organization parties were convened by civic leaders as the mediator (Colliver, 2005). Conclusion In conclusion, unions are organizations that seek employee’s interest and concerns in the workplace. Unions are brought to the workplace to develop a labor relation. This will cause an impact to any organization. Unions are still relevant in the United States. Therefore, organizations try to keep out unions in general by providing for the employees needs. The key strategy in providing for the employees needs is to provide clear and open communications between management and staff to be able to address the employees concerns as they arise. References Raymond Andrew Noe, John R. Hollenbeck, Barry Gerhert, Patrick M. Wright. (2009). Trends in Human Resources Management. (3 ed.). The McGraw-Hill Companies Colliver, V. (2005) Hospital Workers set day to strike at St Luke’s. San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved November 25, 2005 from: www.sfgate.com Research Papers on Labor Relations,Unions and OrganizationTwilight of the UAWAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaThe Project Managment Office SystemPETSTEL analysis of IndiaResearch Process Part OneNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy

Should Intelligent Design be taught in Public School Assignment

Should Intelligent Design be taught in Public School - Assignment Example Moreover, ID does not provide a basis whereby its claims can be tested. Since ID does not know how something works, it usually associates it with a higher power (Goodman, n.d). Therefore, if schools adopt ID as a science, then the children who are in schools today would not be adequately prepared to handle fields such as medicine or biology. There is a major controversy surrounding the teaching of ID in schools. For example, in 2005, a school in Pennsylvania was sued because it allowed its students to present ID as an alternative to creation as well as in explaining how life came to be. Research reveals that ID normally violates the rules of science that are centuries old. For example, ID invokes supernatural connection and it also attacks evolution negatively. As a result, ID has been entirely disproved by the scientific community (Ruse, 2012). In this perspective therefore, scientific experts argue that if ID is to be taught in schools, it should be taught in fields such as philosophy, religion and politics (Goodman, n.d). However, it should not be taught in any science course. This is because it would confuse the students especially regarding the various scientific concepts that are normally applied in biology and

Different Portrayals of David by Different Artists Essay

Different Portrayals of David by Different Artists - Essay Example The essay "Different Portrayals of David by Different Artists" compares three paintings of David by such artists as Donatello, Michelangelo and Bernini. The most prominent similarity in the three art pieces is the nudity of the subject. Donatello and Michelangelo’s works shamelessly show even the private parts of their subject. Donatello shows David holding Goliath’s sword which he used to cut the head of the giant which he was standing on. He wears sandals and a helmet but his body is not covered at all. Seen on the front, the details of his body are obvious. A viewer can see David’s testicles and his well-built body. The details on his face draw curiosity from viewers because he seems to be looking far with deep thoughts. Michelangelo on the other hand pictures his subject with more details. He is also standing tall and nude but unlike Donatello’s sculpture, the second David has no covering on his feet or head. Michelangelo made more intricate details in his artwork that it seems very real. For instance, the muscular arms show evident veins, the abdomen and chest are well-chiseled to show a natural look. In addition, the face is also very detailed so as to show the facial expression of the subject. Bernini on the other hand covered the private part of his figure. His David is not simply standing but is shown to be in action, almost ready to fight Goliath with a slingshot. On the front view, part of his back is seen and his chest is covered as he positions himself to shoot his enemy.

Strategy and Organizational Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Strategy and Organizational Development - Essay Example According to Ralph Lewis, organizational development is a new concept which is becoming popular with businesses. Ralph defines an organization as a conglomeration of more than 1 person with the same goals and objectives. There is usually a point where the members of an organization lose sight of what really brought them and appear disorganized. This is the part where organizational development comes in to bring an element of the organization. This can be achieved first by formulating a working strategy and implementing it to the members of that given organization.Based on Ralph, he classifies organizations basically into four quadrants. Each of the quadrants represents a given function performed by the organization. In his strategy to bring organizational development, will entail bringing this four quadrants of the organization to work in unison. The strategy was chosen basically has to engage in showing the organizational values, form an integrated link, task manage all people plus ensure resources are allocated to all quadrants. In ensuring the above, will be like re-energizing the four quadrants to work together in harmony. Ralph argues that the moment when the four quadrants of the organization are working with the same goal and everyone is contributing towards its achievement, that is how organizational development will be felt. Â  

Effects Of A High Carbon Footprint

Effects Of A High Carbon Footprint High carbon emissions in the last two decades are slowly leading to excessive climate change. Some already visible consequences are warming of the planet, radiative warming, shift of Earths natural balance towards warming, and depletion of natural resources. Due to global warming, the last decade was recorded to be the warmest ever (Jaines, 2010) Earth is slowly turning into a different planet which is evident by the changes in average temperatures. Scientists say that high carbon emissions will cause rise in sea levels across the globe, and extinction of various species. Furthermore, they have an impact on the greenhouse effect which causes the reduction of the amount of sunlight and heat that is reflected back into space. This increases the average temperatures globally, especially the Arctic temperatures which causes the melting of ice. Melting ice releases methane in the atmosphere, which is 20 times more dangerous as a greenhouse gas than CO2. (Kage, 2007) Due to high temperatur es and rise in sea levels, there is a danger that many species of plants and animals will extinct. For example, world oceans are currently absorbing 1/3rd of excess carbon dioxide emissions, and therefore, becoming acidic and threatening sea species. This will cause a shortage of fish stocks and coral reefs which will eventually alter the worlds food chain. Similar things will happen to any other food sources. The indicated will have an effect on the economy since the food is going to be scarce and its prices are going to be rising. Moreover, due to increases in temperatures, the world is within 70 years going to be facing frequent storms, floods, and tornados. (Fraser, 2006) It is predicted that by 2050, temperatures are going to increase by 2.1-2.8 à Ã‚ ¦C compared to the historical average, and by 2100, the Earth is predicted to be 4.3-5.3 à Ã‚ ¦C warmer. Globally, sea levels could rise by 59 cm within the next century. (The Problem, 2012). Lastly, greenhouse effect causes de pletion in ozone which further leads to global warming. If there are ozone damages, then there is a higher chance of skin cancer, burning skin due to the direct contact with the sun. These changes in climate will also affect human health in sense of the increase of various disease carrying insects due to warming. (MOFA) National level Studies and predictions for UAE say that the rises in its sea levels by 1 meter could affect almost up to 1,155 square kilometers of land. This would cause, even in lesser numbers, terrible effects on UAEs islands, infrastructure, marine life, health, tourism, business, and economy. (The Problem, 2012) With already high temperatures, a bigger rise in the upcoming decades will cause a bigger need for energy production and cooling systems infrastructure causing a raise in carbon emissions if new energy sources wont be used. Scarcity of food caused by damages to marine and terrestrial life will boost prices of food, causing an even bigger need for import. This will directly affect UAEs economy and business as food and water prices rise. Scarcity of water might impact the region even more intensely, causing problems in many segments, such as households, industry, import, export, tourism, and economy. Even now, desalination of water is the only source of drinking water in UAE and requires a lot of energy. Even bigger scarcity of water would terribly affect the region. Infrastructure will either be destroyed by rising sea levels or natural disasters, or it will have to be adapted to the new situations. Both scenarios will make for a big loss of money and resources; therefore, it will cause a big damage in economy, and eventually on every individual living in the country. Individual level The biggest impact high carbon footprint has on the citizens of UAE are on their health and safety. All these emitted gases pollute the air which humans inhale; the gases penetrate deep into their respiratory systems and therefore, affect both respiratory and cardiovascular systems causing asthma, heart diseases, and premature death. Using fertilizers can also damage peoples health, as well as the sun impact and higher temperatures, which often cause heart failures and temperature shocks. Besides health issues, scarcity of food and water obviously affects peoples lives, causing them to spend more and more. Using more air conditioners with the rise of temperature often causes viral and bacterial diseases. Current Efforts of UAE Government Renewable Energy Even though UAE lacks most of the widespread renewable energy sources, such as biomass, tidal power, and water, one thing that UAE has more than enough is solar energy. In 2010, Abu Dhabi has started working on one of the worlds largest solar power plants. The development of the geothermal cooling in Masdar City has also started recently. (MOFA) Peaceful Nuclear Power It is known that nuclear energy has a nearly zero carbon footprint. Therefore, replacing the current ways of producing electrical and other types of energy with nuclear energy would contribute significantly to less carbon emissions. Currently a huge nuclear energy sector is being developed in UAE, consisting of 4 nuclear power reactors, which are believed to be finished and ready for full work by 2017. (MOFA) Transport Trying to increase the participation in public transport, the UAE has increased the number of buses, and still planning to implement more of them. Besides that, the Dubais Metro has been the newest, successful addition to UAEs public transport. Future plans include new transit light systems all over the country, and a high speed train. (MOFA) Carbon Capture and Storage (clean fossil fuels) Building storages underground to capture the emitted CO2 from plants and burned fossil fuels without releasing it further in the atmosphere. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change says CCS could contribute between 10% and 55% of the cumulative worldwide carbon mitigation effort over the next 90 years. (MOFA) Al Basma Al Beeiyah Intiative Launched in October 2007 by the Ministry of Environment and Water, the Environment Agency Abu Dhabi, the Emirates Wildlife Society, and the Global Footprint Network, its initiative is to better understand UAEs ecological and carbon footprint, and monitor consumption patterns in the country. Measuring carbon and other greenhouse gas emissions, the project is evaluating and implementing solutions for a better future. Researches and scientists from Masdar Institute have been leading this project with the aim to inspect how the development of power and water might affect UAEs carbon footprint up to 2030, and accordingly develop alternative energy productions. (UAE Ecological Footprint Initiative) Campaigns UAE government made some campaigns in UAE that raise awareness which include Heroes of the UAE, Environment agency Abu Dhabi etc. Heroes of the UAE campaign is designed to make people know about energy shortages and the effect of climate change. This campaign supplies people with easy tips on how to save energy. By making small changes in every days behavior people can easily contribute in the global efforts to reduce consumption. (Abu Dhabi, 2012)Furthermore, Environment Agency Abu Dhabi helps in conservation of water, climate change awareness and improving air quality by running environmental education and awareness courses and programs. Solutions and Recommendations Individual level Turn off home appliances if not used or needed; unplug from the power chord Do not overcharge cell phones and laptops Use compact fluorescent bulbs instead of incandescent bulbs as it saves 60% of energy, yet providing the same brightness (What Is Carbon Footprint, 2012) Individuals can buy more energy efficient vehicles to help reduce carbon footprint People should use their vehicles only when required and use public transport or consider walking otherwise They should also use energy efficient devices as well as renewable energy sources and insulation at home to prevent the emission of greenhouse gases or heat loss Try carpooling; driving several people in one car can reduce a lot of carbon emissions coming from cars Slow down, try keeping to the speed limit. Driving at 80mph burns 10% more fuel than driving at 60mph. (What action can we take, 2011) Only boil the amount of water you need in your kettle Make sure taps are fully turned off and fix leaking taps. A dripping hot water tap wastes not only water but energy too. (What action can we take, 2011) National level Use sustainable forms of energy like solar energy, and wind energy Creating organizations which could help reduce carbon footprint The government should also make sure that only the necessary amount of cement is being used for the manufacture of buildings The government should also make sure that there are less amount of industries in the country which could be harmful for the environment The government should set up some awareness campaigns and workshops for the citizens to spread more awareness on how to reduce carbon footprint at home or elsewhere Diversification of resources is necessary for saving resources (DUBAI STRATEGY DEVELOPED TO REDUCE CARBON EMISSIONS) Successful implementation of Envitechs Green Buildings Project- development of buildings that require almost no external energy and consume the lowest possible amount of fresh water (Green Buildings Project) Building hydrogen power plants and nuclear power plants in order to develop clean energy and reduce carbon emissions Involve business organizations in reducing their collective carbon footprint in the offices; by doing this these organizations would become more competitive in the market Using biosolids as a fertilizer in agriculture since it is organic and allows the reduction of irrigation requirement (Al Wathba Veolia Besix Waste Water , 2012) Encourage more public transport, more physical activity, and walking Build more green spaces, parks, places for walking where there would a possibility to walk to malls or any other place instead of driving Establish recycling plants and companies Global level Stop deforestation; encourage reforestation in all parts of the world Avoid manufacturing of the buildings and industries which are not required Introduce the concepts of green and clean energy everywhere around the world Encourage the use of solar and wind energy everywhere around the world to produce electrical energy; open more nuclear power plants but with safety precautions and educate people about their plus-sides Encourage business organizations world-wide to start making their business greener; the prospective interest parties should evaluate business companies according to how environmental-friendly they are Financing companies should provide loans to help achieve objectives related to reducing carbon footprint to governments of different countries, especially to those with economic instability or less money Stricter family planning laws should be implemented globally to control the ever growing world population that is one of the major causes of this problem Committees everywhere around the world should be set up to educate the underprivileged people about the harmful effects of high carbon footprint Make laws which would aim towards conserving energy and water, such as putting limits on the usage per person/apartment, or increasing prices which would stop people from over-spending for unnecessary reasons Provide awards for companies that implement eco-friendly strategies Encourage ethanol, biodiesel and hydropower-produced hydrogen as alternative fuel options since they produce less greenhouse gases Recycle water so it can be reused for agricultural and irrigation purposes (Al Wathba Veolia Besix Waste Water , 2012) UN should establish more organizations everywhere around the world to raise awareness and educate people on how to protect our environment Divesting from oil stocks and investing in companies practicing carbon capture and storage (Biello, 2007) Restricting flying to only critical, long-distance trips; trains can replace planes for short- to medium-distance trips (Biello, 2007)

Catalog of DIESEL String Functions :: essays research papers

Catalog of DIESEL String Functions Status retrieval, computation, and display are performed by DIESEL functions. The available functions are described in the table. Note: All functions have a limit of 10 parameters, including the function name itself. If this limit is exceeded, you get a DIESEL error message. + (addition) Returns the sum of the numbers val1, val2, ..., val9. $(+, val1 [, val2, ..., val9] ) If the current thickness is set to 5, the following DIESEL string returns 15. $(+, $(getvar,thickness),10) - (subtraction) Returns the result of subtracting the numbers val2 through val9 from val1. $(-, val1 [, val2 , ..., val9] ) *(multiplication) Returns the result of multiplying the numbers val1, val2, ..., val9. $(*, val1 [, val2, ..., val9] ) / (division) Returns the result of dividing the number val1 by val2, ..., val9. $(/, val1 [, val2, ..., val9] ) = (equal to) If the numbers val1 and val2 are equal, the string returns 1; otherwise, it returns 0. $(=, val1, val2) < (less than) If the number val1 is less than val2, the string returns 1; otherwise, it returns 0. $(< , val1, val2) The following expression gets the current value of the HPANG system variable; if the value is less than the value stored in the USERR1 system variable, it returns 1. If the value 10.0 is stored in USERR1 and the current setting of HPANG is 15.5, the following string returns 0. $( (greater than) If the number val1 is greater than val2, the string returns 1; otherwise, it returns 0. $(>, val1, val2) != (not equal to) If the numbers val1 and val2 are not equal, the string returns 1; otherwise, it returns 0. $(!=, val1, val2) =, val1, val2) and Returns the bitwise logical AND of the integers val1 through val9. $(and, val1 [, val2,..., val9] ) angtos Returns the angular value in the format and precision specified. $(angtos, value [, mode, precision] ) Edits the given value as an angle in the format specified by the mode and precision. (For mode values, see Example: Angular Units Values.) If mode and precision are omitted, it uses the current values chosen by UNITS. edtime Returns a formatted date and time based on a given picture. $(edtime, time, picture) Edits the AutoCAD LT Julian date given by time (obtained, for example, from $(getvar,date) according to the given picture).

Pros and Cons of Computers in Kindergarten Essay

Pros and Cons of Computers in Kindergarten Research Essay Assignment Pros and cons of using computers in kindergarten classrooms Having computers in kindergarten classrooms could improve the level of instruction and can address long-term success in schools. The real pros and cons of using technology in the classroom create a stalemate that can prevent technology from being used more widely in the classroom. Whether we use technology with young children–and if so, how-are critical issues facing early childhood educators and parents. The questions about when children should start using computers; developmentally appropriate computer activities in preschool, kindergarten, and early primary classrooms; benefits of computer use; integration of computers into classrooms; and teacher training. As children enter kindergarten and the primary grades, it is important that they continue to have access to a computer center with a library of developmentally appropriate software. Fun and educational computer activities allow kindergarteners to socialize improve classmate relations; learn about modern communication and problem-solving skills. Children need opportunities to make choices about some of their computer experiences. In addition, kindergarten or primary-grade teachers will want to use the computer for more directed activities that match their learning objectives. For example, to enhance language skills and using the template provided in Starfall or similar software. Children could also work in small groups using software such as Scholastic’s Magic School Bus Explores the Rainforest to compare two of the seven ecozones in the program. Using software such as Edmark’s Kids’ Desk: Internet Safe, other small groups can investigate these two ecozones on Internet Web sites selected by the teacher. The groups then merge to share their discoveries and write a report on the ecozones, illustrating each with pictures drawn by members of the group or downloaded from the Internet sites. Through exploring computer experiences, these children build memory skills, learn how to seek out information, use knowledge until they have a clear understanding from  multiple sources, and integrate their knowledge of how each ecosystem functions. In the process, they learn to delegate responsibility, interact with others, solve problems, and cooperate to reach a goal. Kindergarten children have a positive outlook and an accepting nature. They take pride in their new reading and counting skills and love to converse and share ideas. They are eager to behave well; they are trusting; and they don’t question authority. Kids at this age may be capable at using computers, i.e. following commands, using the mouse, and playing computer games (Jaeger, 2010). In order to understand the pros and cons of computers in the kindergarten classroom, we need to take a look at some of the pros and cons and the goals related to of reading the children’s achievement. Pros: By incorporat ing technology into lessons, students will become more engaged in and excited about the subject at hand. Lessons that would normally be tedious can be much more engaging with virtual field trips and streaming videos. Cons: Finding the right materials online to integrate into a lesson is not always easy. This means teachers may spend a lot more time planning lessons and become overwhelmed and frustrated. Pros: Computers allow students to learn through exploring the internet and doing research. The act of looking up information and researching papers with such an extensive resource can keep students engaged in a project and learning. Cons: Some students will explore beyond the bounds and parameters of the project and become distracted by other activities that they find on the internet. Pros: In special needs classrooms, each student is able to go at his or her own pace with the help of technology. This allows the students get individual instruction directly from the computer, which allows the teacher to accomplish more while feeling less stretched. Special needs students who are handicapped can also make use of assistive technology, which can allow them to communicate better. Cons: Special needs technology can be very expensive and take an inordinate amount of money to acquire and operate. Research has shown that children who use computers with supporting activities that reinforce the major objectives of the programs have significantly greater developmental gains when compared to children without computer experiences in similar classrooms-gains in intelligence, nonverbal skills, structural knowledge, long-term memory, manual dexterity, verbal skills, problem solving, abstraction, and conceptual skills (Haugland, 1992). The benefits  of providing computers to kindergarten and primary-grade children vary depending upon the kind of computer experiences offered and how frequently children have access to computers. The potential gains for kindergarten and primary children are tremendous, including improved motor skills, enhanced mathematical thinking, increased creativity, higher scores on tests of critical thinking and problem solving. In addition, computers enhance children’s self-concept, and children demonstrate increasing levels of spoken communication and cooperation. Children share leadership roles more frequently and develop positive attitudes toward learning. In conclusion, early childhood programs serve diverse populations and have different schedules, curriculums, staffing patterns, resources, and so on. Goals for computer use and the steps that schools take to integrate computers into their classrooms may be completely different but equally successful. A viable beginning is for teachers, administrators, and parents to share magazine, journal, and newspaper articles they have seen regarding children using computers. The understanding of computers in the kindergarten classroom is accompanied by both a personal and professional commitment to early success for all children. Reference 1. Jaeger, V. (2010). Parenting Resources Guide. Niagara Region Public Health 2. KidSource Online. Computers and Young Children. Retrieved from http://www.kidsource.com/education/computers.children.html#top 3. S.W. Haugland. The effect of computer software on preschool children’s developmental gains. Journal of Computing in Childhood Education, 1992.

Beneficials of Expert System in Health Sector Essays

Beneficials of Expert System in Health Sector Essays Beneficials of Expert System in Health Sector Paper Beneficials of Expert System in Health Sector Paper A case referring to the beneficial use of the expert systems in the health sector was the attempt of the LDS Hospital in Salt Lake city,Utah to build â€Å" the most complex artificial intelligence system ever created† according to the words of DR David Classen. Its name was AIC or â€Å"Antibiotic Computer Consultant† and it was part of HELP(Health Evaluation through Logical Processing), which was LDS’s hospital information system. The latter was existed, before the implementation of the Expert System. The role of AIC was to help doctors determine proper antibiotic treatment for specific patients. Achieving the specific purpose,the Expert System followed the above stages: 1) The doctor turned to the system with information on the infection type and site, and also identified the patient to the computer. 2) The system determined the pathogens, which are likely to have caused the infection. 3) The software examined the patient’s medical records( through the HELP information system) and searched for similar cases nationwide. 4) Finally, it displayed the five most likely antibiotic regimens to be effective and the cost of the prescription for each one. Altough,the system was extremely rewarding and expanded to include other cases involving antibiotics, some criticisms were made against it. It was stated that the system was unwieldy and that physicians had to enter much information, which was useless. Of course, the best answer came straightly from the physicians, who highlighted many important benefits of the AIC. The 88% of them believed that the use of AIC was very simple and they would recommend it to other colleagues. Another 85% stated that the program improved their selection of antibiotics, and 81% agreed that it enhanced patient care. Concerning its usability, doctors access into the system 3 times a day. Eventually, regarding AIC’s efficacy, a study in the medical journal Archives of Internal Medicine suggested that doctors selected the best treatment in 775 of the cases, but the computer achieved a 94% correct rating. Therefore, the AIC supported the judgement of the doctors with useful additional information, so as to be able to take better and faster decisions.

The themes of Paddy Clarke Ha essays

The themes of Paddy Clarke Ha essays There are several core themes that run throughout Paddy Clarke Ha Ha Ha. The first one we encounter, on the first page in fact, is the relationship he has with his friends. At the beginning of the novel his friends are a hugely important part of his life, but as the novel progresses, they gradually become less important. Another relationship that changes gradually is that with his brother, as his friendship with Kevin and his gang is degrading, Paddys relationship with his brother is slowly improving. He is no longer just a target for his abuse, and gains Paddys admiration, and at times his jealousy. The most prominent theme throughout the book though is Paddys relationship with his parents. It is his parents, who have most influence over him, and he admires them greatly, we constantly see him, studying their mannerisms, and trying to determine why they have done certain things. Like the other central relationships in the book, Paddys relationship with his ma and da, change over th e course of the novel. At the beginning, he is slightly in awe of his da, and seeks his approval constantly, but as he sees another side to his da, his need for his approval diminishes and he spends more time with his ma, possibly trying to protect her. The breakdown of the marriage is another theme to be examined. At the beginning of the novel, we see Paddy as a carefree kid, but as the fights become more frequent, we see fewer tales of Paddys mischief and Paddy becomes more introverted. He stays awake for hours on end attempting to stop the fights with the power of thought alone. The fights have a profound effect on Paddy, he blames himself, and begins to examine all around him, looking for reasons as to why the two people he loves are constantly bickering. Paddys maturing process is an important theme also. His transition from wide-eyed innocent to man of the family is a painful one for Paddy; he is forced ...

Scene of Lamentation for Jesus Christ in Northern and Southern Assignment

Scene of Lamentation for Jesus Christ in Northern and Southern Renaissance - Assignment Example The essay "Scene of Lamentation for Jesus Christ in Northern and Southern Renaissance" concerns Lamentation's Scene for Jesus in the context of Renaissance. Several particular features give hint on the fact that this picture can be attributed to Northern Renaissance. The material and the type of canvas are among the most obvious. Oil on panel was commonly used by Northern artists as it permitted to preserve brightness of colors for a long time. The painting is very detailed and vivid with elaborated landscape. Apparently, the author underlines human`s side of Jesus Christ showing his tortured body and concentrating on the minor details of it. Ribs that got visible through skin because of starving, injuries that bleed, closed eyes of a dead man- there is no presence of God on this picture as the author tells us that Christ was suffering as much as we did. Despair, sympathy and sorrow can be read on the faces of Christ`s followers who came to him. Nothing on the picture suggests that C hrist will resurrect as he is portrayed as an ordinary human being who was suffering enormously. Massys does not concentrate nature in his painting, for him it is still the man and his suffering which matters the most but still the city o the background and the crosses thought-out ad realistic. Northern and Southern painting styles were different due to numerous reasons: they appeared in different geographical regions and were formed under the influence of different sources. Northern style was originated on the territory.

Credit Squeeze Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Credit Squeeze - Essay Example The long-term decisions and techniques include the Capital Investment Decisions . These are the decisions about which investment is received by the projects weather to finance that investment with debt or equity and when; or whether to pay shareholders with the dividends. Whereas short-term decisions can be listed under the 'Working Capital Management heading. The Corporate Finance deals with current assets and current liabilities short-term balance with focus on inventories; managing cash and short-term borrowing. It must also be noted that Corporate Finance term is also related with investment banking. The service which an investment banker offers is to typically evaluate the investment projects so that investment decisions could easily be made by the bank. (Aswath, n.p., n.d.) There are various definitions given to corporate finance by countries around the world. For instance, corporate finance in the US is used to cover a much wider area for describing techniques, activities, and decisions, which deal with many features of a company's capital and finances. While in the UK, the term 'corporate finance' covering a comparatively smaller area, tends to attach itself with much increased capital transactions so as to create and develop larger businesses. Also in the UK corporate finance, is frequently associated with ownership change in a business, and to some extent connected to corporate transaction that is a potent cause of the development of a new equity structure i.e. a shareholder base, the connected issue of the exchange or purchase of debt or equity. The transactions that are covered are of the following types: Seed raising, and start-up or development of capital expansion. 1. The sale or acquisitions of private companies, the mergers & demergers. 2. Takeovers of public companies (mergers, demergers including both public & private deals). 3. subsidiaries or divisions - typically backed by private equity i.e. similar of companies or buy-in & buy-out management. 4. The issues of equity by firms, having the companies flotation on an established stock exchange so that the capital for development and restructure ownership is raised 5. Capital raising for the refinance and restructure of businesses through other forms of debt, equity, and related securities 6. The financing of joint ventures like, public as well as private partnerships; privatisations project finance, and infrastructure finance 7. The secondary equity issues, either through private placing or via further issues on a stock market. 8. Restructuring and raising debt, when particularly linked to the types of above listed transactions. (Shean, n.p., 2005) What is Credit Squeeze The term 'Squeeze' denotes a period of tight monetary policy; borrowing is tight due to high interest rates. The tight monetary policy, a term opposite of 'easy monetary policy ', is a policy of the central bank intended to curtail inflation by depleting the commercial bank reserves and resulting into

Lebanon Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Lebanon - Annotated Bibliography Example Within the context of the stated, allegiance to Lebanon is subsumed by family and blood and this is the real source of the country's division and problems. Cerulo examines the phenomenon of identity in this article. As he explains, each and every individual has multiple identities. Amongst these are primordial identity, optionalist identity and collectivist identities. A person is identified in terms of his family, his social class, his educational status, his religion, his ethnicities and his nationality, to name but a handful. None of these identities cross out or negate the other but, instead, supposedly co-exist. The real question is which of these identities dominates as the dominant identity is usually that which directs behaviour and actions. Cerulo believes that the dominant identity is a negotiated identity, one that has been constructed on the based of all the identities particular to the individual. Farour, a political sociologist, argues that Lebanon's youth are confronting an identity crisis. Not only do they have to contend with the multiple identities which are thrust upon them by the very fact that they happened to be born in a country in which familial and ethnic identities dominate over others but with the East versus West tension. They are expected to be Easterners, Arabs whose identity is defined in traditional Arab-centric cultural terms. Yet, due to their unprecedented exposure to the outside world and to Western culture, they are unable to unquestioningly accept the traditional Arab/Eastern identity. They are trapped between Eastern and Western identities and are a product of the interaction between the two. Faour believes that the country's youth is engaged in the negotiation of an identity which would draw the East and the West together. Salibi, K. (1988) A house of many mansions: The history of Lebanon reconsidered. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. Salibi engages in a historical investigation of the roots of Lebanon's identity problem. As he presents it, over the past centuries Lebanon was exposed to numerous cultures, each and every one of which attempted to impose itself on the country. The Arabs tried to Arabize Lebanon, the Ottomans tried to Ottomize and the French to Frenchify it to name but a few examples. Throughout its history, Lebanon has moved from one identity to the other. The ultimate outcome was that the country was not given the opportunity to develop its own national identity, culminating in division between multiple identities. This, according to Salibi, is Lebanon's

Romance Versus Reality Essay Example for Free

Romance Versus Reality Essay â€Å"The best laid schemes of mice and men go aft astray, and leave us naught by grief and pain for promised joy†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Robert Burns). This quote means that the romantic themes in the book vanish and leave behind realistic shock. In â€Å"Of Mice and Men† by John Steinbeck, Lennie, George and Curley’s wife’s romantic dream of owning a farm is crushed by the reality of death. The dead mouse symbolizes that Lennie’s dream of taking care of rabbits will never come true. The dead puppy also proves he will never own the rabbits. Curley’s wife’s death again proves they will never get the farm because they won’t get the money she promised. Finally, Lennie’s death makes George realize the farm house dream would never come true. The mouse Lennie hides in his pocket from George, proves the point that Lennie will never take care of the rabbits. Lennie tries to convince George, the mouse was dead when he found it, â€Å"’Jus’ a dead mouse, George. I didn’ kill it. Honest! I found it. I found it dead.’† (Steinbeck 6). Lennie wants to someday take care of the rabbits on the dream farm, and if George knew he lacked self-control and accidently killed the mouse, Lennie’s dream would never come true. Although, in reality Lennie has actually killed the mouse and most likely other creatures. Overall showing, he will never gain enough responsibility and self-control to own the rabbits. Later on, Lennie is given a puppy with the purpose of showing George, that he might someday be able to someday take care of the rabbits. George wants to believe Lennie can take care of a puppy because it is bigger than a mouse. But Lennie ends up murdering the puppy and only worries that George will not allow him to take care of the rabbits. â€Å"’Maybe if I took the pup out and throwed him away George wouldn’t never know’†¦ ‘Don’t you think of nothing but rabbits?’† (Steinbeck 98). George hopes the puppy will prove that Lennie will be able to take care of the rabbits, but in reality he is let down again. Lennie destroyed his last opportunity to care for the rabbits by killing Curley’s wife. She wanted to make something out of her life, â€Å"’ I coulda make somethin’ of myself†¦maybe I will yet.’† (Steinbeck 96). Curley’s wife gave up her life savings to help buy the farm, but never her death they would never get the money. Her death foreshadows that the romance of the farm will die causing the reality that they will never own the farm. Lennie’s death shows George that the farm could have never happened. George realized he wanted the farm only because Lennie loved the idea of it. Deep down George never thought they would ever get the farm. â€Å"’I think I knowed we’d never do her. He†¦liked to hear about it†¦I got to thinking maybe we would.’† (Steinbeck 103). George only told the story to trick Lennie into following his rules. George listened to his stories of the farm, and obeyed him, because he did if he did not listen, he would not take care of the rabbits. Due to Lennie’s death, George no longer needs to dream of the farm anymore. Robert Burns explains there is conflict between reality and romanticism among the characters in the novel, Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck. The character of the dead mouse shows to us that Lennie is not capable of taking care of the rabbits on the dream farm. The dead puppy again shows that Lennie cannot control himself, so he will never have the rabbits. Curley’s wife’s death shows they will never purchase the farm because they never will get her promised money. Lastly, Lennie’s death makes George realize they knew they would never actually get the farm, and that he only told the story for Lennie’s entertainment.

OAS last meeting :: essays research papers

Organization of American States   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Organization of American States (OAS) brings together the countries of Western Hemisphere to strengthen cooperation and to advance common interests. It is the region’s premier forum for multilateral dialogue and concerted action. The OAS helps in many different ways to make changes around the world. Actually the OAS is having a meeting in Ft. Lauderdale (Florida) and some of their actions are showing their interest to defend democracy and human rights around Latin America as for example in Venezuela. Furthermore, the OAS demonstrates interest in Strengthening Security, and combating illegal drugs in Colombia (South America); one of the most important things the OAS is focused on is the fostering free trade between countries’ members association. This OAS meeting in Ft. Lauderdale is making history, focusing in the most critical problems that countries from Latin American are trying to combat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The OAS plays a key role in strengthening democratic and human rights institutions and practices in the countries of the Americas. As for example in Venezuela during the meeting, the OAS shows their interest in the political tension that Venezuela is passing through after the last president elections. In Venezuela the opposition reclaims that past election was not totally legal, these accusations to Venezuelan’s government made the OAS to worry about the status of democracy and human right protection to Venezuelan society. According to news article on the Miami Herald another fact which makes the OAS worry about Venezuela’s situation is the actual President Chavez’s hostility against the United States type of democracy. The OAS discuses all these conflicts during the recent meeting and finally Venezuela accepts the role in the OAS for non-governmental groups that evaluates countries where democracy is allegedly at risk, such as Venezuela.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The OAS is working on different limit borders to make Latin American countries safer, and they are also looking forward to prevent terrorism by strengthening control borders, by trying to eliminate drug trafficking and also by increasing security among law enforcement authorities in different countries. For example in Colombia (South America); during the meeting the OAS members discuss Colombian treaties to acquire national peace; this process supports, informs, helps and verifies initiatives from Colombian people to defend their social security in small regions of their territory.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Since OAS’s creation, their main goal has been to create a hemisphere-wide trading zone, called Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA).

Motivation in the Classroom

One of the most difficult tasks an educator faces is motivating students. What exactly is it that makes a student want to learn? Why are some students easily motivated while other students must be coaxed to perform tasks that seem simple? A teacher has to ask these questions about each individual student in his or her class, and usually starts to search for the answers within the first few days of meeting their students. It is important for an educator to have a working com/strategies-for-academic-success/">definition of motivation if they plan on implementing motivational techniques in their classroom.According to Eric Jensen (2005), author of Teaching with the Brain in Mind, motivation is, â€Å"arousal and drive. Arousal suggests orientation towards a goal, and drive is caring enough to do something about achieving the goal† (p. 102). Jensen suggests that some students will be intrinsically motivated and require very little push to succeed. He also makes it clear that there are many students with which an educator will have to work in order to build that intrinsic motivation. Ultimately, success in the classroom can be formed in many different ways, but there are a few points that are absolutely necessary.Setting high expectations for your students is essential. Making sure that you know your students and cater to each individual child is also pertinent. Also, identifying outside factors that may cause success or a lack of success will be very important. The autonomy that a teacher shows his or her students is extremely important to success within the classroom. A student should be able to feel like what they do or say is taken into account by the teacher. This does not mean that the teacher will change the way they do things, but they will take into account the feelings and opinions of their students.This adds to the students feelings of self worth. In an article by Patricia Hardre (2003), A motivational model of rural students' intentions to persist in, versus drop out of, high school, she surveyed students asking them to rate the importance of certain qualities. Questions like, â€Å"My teachers provide me with choices and options,† and â€Å"My teachers try to understand how I see things before they suggest to me how they would handle a particular situation,† scored very highly and are viewed by the students as the most important aspect of a well rounded teacher (p.351).Providing a child with multiple ways to come to an answer will not only encourage the child, it will show them that you are interested in their success and have high expectations for them. Allison Ryan’s article, The classroom social environment and changes in adolescents' motivation and engagement during middle school, basically promotes the same ideas. She states that, â€Å"students' perceptions of teacher support and the teacher as promoting interaction and mutual respect were related to positive changes in motivation and engagementà ¢â‚¬  (p.451).The perception of a student about his or her teacher is critical, and will play a major role in whether or not the child is successful. The expectations that an educator places on their students will in many ways shape the way the class will learn from the first day until the last. A strong teacher is one that will provide the students with discipline as well as compassion. He or she will be a leader, but not afraid to listen and understand the needs of the students and of course adapt to those specific needs when applicable.These characteristics are very important, but what will ultimately lead to success is the teacher’s ability to motivate. We know how capable children are, and we know that their capabilities are almost endless. Often times what they are missing is leadership, direction, and someone telling them â€Å"I believe in you†. Isaac Friedman (2011) in his article, Teachers' role-expectations: Altruism, narcissism, patemalistic altruism, and benevolent narcissism, explains that teachers must use what he calls â€Å"benevolent narcissism† in their classroom.Freidman explains â€Å"benevolent narcissism† as the capacity of an educator to have such high expectations of their students that they almost come off as cocky (p. 19). Having such a positive attitude will ultimately build a child’s self worth and make them feel supported and believed in. This is also explained in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. As Robert E. Slavin (2012) explains, â€Å"Self esteem is critical to physical and psychological well-being† (p. 288).However, a child can be quick to doubt themselves if they feel like they have no one who believes in them. When perceived self-efficacy is high, more ambitious challenges are pursued, and commitments to lofty goals are made. When self-efficacy is low, the child will see failure as the most likely outcome of whatever obstacle they may face. Lisa Legault (2006) in her study, Why do high school students lack motivation in the classroom, explains that perceived failure is the single greatest barrier for a child to overcome if he or she hopes to be successful.She goes on to say that even students who do believe in their abilities sometimes have a difficult time believing that they will have the prowess to maintain the effort needed to complete an assignment or achieve in the classroom (p. 579). Furthermore, Johnmarshall Reeve (2003), author of the article Testing models of the experience of self-determination in intrinsic motivation and the conundrum of choice teaches that a child needs to feel â€Å"a sense of unpressured willingness to engage in the activity† (p. 380). This is completely relatable and understandable.Students are often faced with tasks that seem daunting to them, and without a support system it would be very easy to see how a child could lose belief in his or her ability to face a challenge. That is why it is so important to put each s tudent on the same playing field. In this way no student will feel inferior, but you will still be able to make sure each student is also taught to his or her specific needs. Students know when they are treated differently. They can absolutely tell whether or not their teacher is playing favorites in the classroom.It is excruciatingly painful to observe a classroom where a teacher has made some students feel special and others have been made to feel incompetent. Those students who no longer feel they have a place within the classroom are the ones with their heads down, or talking constantly to their peers, or they may even stop showing up altogether. In an article by Kristen Elmore (2012), If ‘we’ can succeed, ‘I’ can too: Identity-based motivation and gender in the classroom, she talks about the rapid decline in success of males within the classroom as opposed to their female counterparts.She talks about â€Å"identity-based motivation† and explains that male students are being stigmatized by their teachers. The male students believe that they need to be strong, and are made to feel like they should not require as much motivation as their female classmates in order to complete the same tasks (p. 181). This is an extremely unfortunate finding. By this point our educators should know that gender plays virtually no role in the intrinsic motivation of our students.Of course there may be plenty of young men and women that don’t need to be pushed in order for them to succeed, but the majority of them do need that extra push. There is no place for gender bias within our school systems. For an educator, one of the most important aspects of maintaining a thriving classroom is keeping your students engaged. When a student loses interest it becomes extremely difficult for them to be successful. In her article, Engagement and disaffection in the classroom: Part of a larger motivational dynamic, Ellen Skinner (2008) talks about the difficulty many teachers have with motivating their students.One of the main problems is that teachers are still trying to lecture at students and expect them to retain vast amounts of facts, instead of having them search for the correct answers. She maintains that when you require your students to sift through material and put together the pertinent information themselves, they are much more likely to hold on to that information. She also claims that this higher level learning will give the student more confidence because they will believe that the teacher has faith in them to learn the material (p. 772).Likewise, Xiaoying Wu (2013), author of Enhancing motivation and engagement through collaborative discussion, explains how important collaboration is in the classroom. Students enjoy working in groups or as a class in order to come to certain conclusions (p. 624). Working with their peers will especially help those students who need an extra push to succeed. Students gain motivatio n by working with other students that can push them to do better. An intentional teacher knows that all students are motivated. He or she also knows that this motivation is not the same level for each student.The intentional teacher strives to keep high the drive of the already motivated student, and also strives to bring out the motivation of the student that needs coaxing in order to succeed. They do this by having lesson plans that help students make sense of the material, which allows the student to take pride in their own accomplishments. A teacher is directly responsible for the motivation of his or her students, and will in many ways shape the way those students approach tasks throughout the rest of their lives.

Invictus †Path Goal Theory Essay

â€Å"Invictus†, is a powerful movie representing what Nelson Mandela taking the office as the first black president of South Africa and set to accomplish great things. Nelson Mandela was the founder and lead of the African National Congress and spent 27 years in prison on charges for sabotage against the white military and government to end apartheid. The movie starts with his release from prison on February 11, 1990 greeted by the black population eager to fight while the white population was expecting the worse from it. The environment factors changed dramatically for Nelson and he found himself ready to forgive those that imprisoned him and call them comrades. His amazing strength of character can be recognized in the movie and the Path-Goal Theory’s leadership behaviors can be found along with them. Path Goal Theory Path-Goal Theory argued that subordinates’ motivation, satisfaction and work performance are dependent on the leadership style chosen by their superior. Moreover, a person may perform these by adopting a certain leadership style, based on the situation. I’ve picked Nelson Mandela as the leader. Mandela has a very difficult task of uniting a country that has been for so long divided and full of hatreds. After his release the black people started riots and Mandela addressed them as a directive leader to the black crowd in Durban, on February 25, 1990 asking to lay down the arms and end the war, saying â€Å"My message to those involved in this battle of brother against brother is this: take your guns, your knives, and your pangas and throw them into the sea. Close down the death factories. End this war now! † Mandela speaks clearly about what’s required of South Africa and give them directions to accomplish it. He realized that his embattled country needs to unite efforts regarding of race to be able to build a future together. Once a fighter against the regime, he realizes now that only peace and unified efforts can lead to progress and leaving peacefully together. He sets directives as such. Later on, when he won the presidential elections and he is sworn as a president on May 10, 1994 and he wants the best for his country, to stop the suffering and suppression of his people, he asks for building a new country together. â€Å"We must act together as a united people, or national reconciliation, for nation building, for the birth of a new world†¦Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world. † His message is directive, strong and clear. He had an amazing ability to change depending on the environment contingency factors. On the first day to take office the President Mandela talks to the staff of the former president when he sees them packing and assuming that they’ll get fired from their positions and they are no longer needed. He becomes a supportive leader and asks for their help. He combines it with directive leadership asking them to do their work to their best abilities. â€Å"If you want to leave that’s your right; that you can’t work with your new government leave but if you pack because your language, color or you work for the previous president disqualifies you have no fear. The past is the past. We look into future and we want your help. If you want to stay you’ll do your country a huge favor. Best abilities and a good heart. I promise to do the same. Our country will be shining†. This shows Mandela strong support and commitment for understanding and unifying efforts among white and blacks. Addressing to a white majority with kind words and pledge and asking for help proves one more time Mandela’s ability to change his leadership style according to the situation and change. Mandela’s commitment to a supportive leader surface again when he assigns four white men to the security team and talk to the head of the security that has assignment concerns since the white security forces were the very men that fought against them and may have killed their friends and colleagues. Mandela shows support and consideration to the chief’s feelings and takes the time to explain why he made the decision. â€Å"Reconciliation starts here†¦ Forgiveness starts here, too. Forgiveness liberates the soul. It removes fear. This is why it’s such a powerful weapon. Please Jason, try. † The president appeals at the very inner soul of the security chief. To help people reaching to the same goal Mandela saw a rare opportunity in the rugby team. He knew that blacks spent years to hate the game and the Springbok, the rugby team, since for them it represented the white supremacy and their boycott hurt them. Mandela himself admits doing just the same while in prison on the Robben Island. This time he thinks about using Springbok to unite people and that the team needs to become winners. With one year until World Rugby Cup 1995 to be played in South Africa, and him just taking office, Mandela doesn’t lose time and invites Francois Pienaar, the Springbok captain, for tea in his office to indirectly letting him know about what achievement is expecting of him: to win the World Rugby Cup in 1995 that would be hosted by South Africa. â€Å"You have a difficult job. Captain of the Springbok†¦ We need to exceed our expectations. † said Mandela. This accomplishment was very challenging since the rugby team’s performance was low but president set up his expectations very high requiring the team to perform accordingly. One important moment of Mandela’s directive leader abilities are captured when he fights the new Rugby Sport Association, composed of mostly blacks, to not drop Springbok’ name, emblem and the team colors. As we can see, Mandela was not only challenged by the white population but by his black people, too. The blacks don’t support the team because they viewed it as it represents the prior suppression. However, Mandela saw as his duty to keep the Springbok’s name, emblem and colors. â€Å"You reached a decision with insufficient info and foresight. I am here to ask you to restore Springbok, the name, emblem and color because , learn enemy to prevail, enemy is not Africana, they are partners in democracy, they treasure Springbok rugby, if we take it away we lose them. We prove that we are what they feared we would be. We have to be better than that. To surprise with with compassion, generosity. They denied us but this is not revenge time, we have to build the nation using every brick, even if it’s green and gold. You elect me as leader. Let me lead you know. Who is with me? † Mandela asks the current leaders to change tactics and work towards a peaceful environment. It’s a lot to ask but Mandela’s strong commitment for unity prevails. The very task of uniting the country through rugby shows a supportive leader towards white’s value and love for a sport that meant the world to them: rugby. â€Å"Rugby is a human calculation. If we take away what they cherish we enforce the circle of fear. I must do what it takes to break the circle. † Mandela even learns the name of the players to be able to address them by name making it very personally and proving his concerns for their well-being. Mandela showed participative leader skills in the movie by working closely with his stuff on key decisions; however, since the movie revolves around rugby we can see him consulting more with the Minister of Sports to understand how the rugby team can get better until the world cup. He learns the rugby game, rules of the games, qualifications in the world cup and the audience the sport reaches. â€Å"A billion people watch us? What a great opportunity! † He learns about the New Zealand team history to understand Springbok chances to win. â€Å"How can we beat them†? It’s not enough, not when we are so close. This country is ready for greatness. It’s amazing to see how one person that once hated even the world rugby and wanted Springbok to lose now puts every effort in the positive direction to participate and contribute towards winning. Expectancy Theory of Motivation Expectancy theory argues that the strength of a tendency to act in a certain way depends on the strength of our expectations of a given outcome and its attractiveness. There are links to it: the effort that leads to performance (effort), performance that lead to rewards (performance) and the reward that satisfy the personal goals (reward). One follower of President Mandela’s leadership is the security chief, Jason. His assignment is to be president’s bodyguard. His effort goes into protecting the newly black elected president, which is a big task on hand. When the white security forces join the team he makes a special effort to work together as explained above understanding that the whites are very well trained and he needed extra people. His performance depends on his team performance. Jason’s efforts go into extra precautions when the president attends the rugby games. He knows that performing his job very well is the only way he can protect the president. The movie doesn’t portrait a money reward upon performing very well. The reward comes in pride of protecting the president and willing to sacrifice his own life to protect presidents’. His well performed job was satisfying his personal goal of protecting the president. In a way his willingness to follow the president’s advice of reconciliation leads to a good bodyguard team and turns into a good teamwork. The scene where they all play rugby proves one more time the good relationships and their unique goal of taking care of the president. Springbok captain, Francois Pienaar, proves to have strength to act on the of president’s expectations. Francois’ meeting with the President Mandela is a turning point in his career. He is asked to perform better than anyone expected and his efforts will be recognized by the president himself. The fact that the president shows interest in his performance makes him want to put every effort in achieving the unthinkable: to win the world cup. The president’s trust in his abilities makes him believe that his work will lead to performance. To inspire him to perform better the president asks the captain how he inspires the team and what his philosophy on leadership is. â€Å"Sometimes by using the work of other†¦Words helped me to stand up when all I wanted was to lay down. The song inspires me to do better. † Mandela was referring to the national South Africa song, â€Å"God Bless Africa†. He also was referring to the â€Å"Invictus† a poem whose words kept him going while he was in prison. At one point he writes the poem on a paper and gives it to the rugby captain for inspiration to perform better. The captain puts the effort in to teach his team the song knowing it will lead to better performance. The Springbok is asked to perform clinics around the country and he complies understanding that times change and they need to change as well. The team puts the effort into it and manages to perform the clinics. The smiles on the black kids’ faces when they are teach rugby by the national team is a reward to their effort to change and contribute to the unity effort. Another turning point is when the captain takes them to the island where the president was in prison. They visit the prison to get a feeling for what the president experienced. The president’s prison cell had a just a tin mattress on the floor and a chair. He remembers the poem and understands the deep meaning and his fight for survival. â€Å"I am a master of my faith. I am the captain of my soul. † He knows that his hard work will be paid off and he has a good shot to win the cup that will mean a lot to his embattled country just like the president’s long fight was rewarded with his freedom. In a way winning the World Cup was liberation from the long battle between blacks and whites. It was his duty to fight now and win. The Springbok won every game in the World Rugby Cup and it culminated with the finals play against the New Zealand, which was an unstoppable team. They won the finals, too. It’s an historic moment for every person in the country but it was an extraordinary moment of reward when the president himself dressed in a Springbok shirt and wearing their hat gives the cup to the Springbok captain. The captain aimed for performance beyond expectations and achieved the best. His personal goal was achieved. Springbok’s captain is a good example of the Expectancy Theory of Motivation given the motivation and relationship that he builds with the president. But Springbok’s captain can’t accomplish his task by himself. His team is another example of a follower of captain’s dream and goal. Captain becomes the leader and his team the followers. Their own effort to train better, to reach to the black kids, to learn the national anthem, perform the best to their abilities and beyond, and believe in the winning it’s rewarded by winning the World Rugby Cup 1995. They are bought slowly in by the captain belief for a better performance and play. They see their efforts fructify with every game won and push forward with an ecstasy and growing enthusiasm never felt before. One touching moment is right before the finals when they sing the anthem along with the whole stadium. When the president comes and shakes their hand in their own shirt and colors they are proud of their efforts and hard work. This is a completely different picture than the one at the first game when almost everyone boomed the president when he shook the hands of the team. At the end of the game with New Zeeland, the president presents the cup to Francois saying, â€Å"Francois thank you for what you’ve done for the country. And Francois replied, â€Å"No, Mr. President. Thank you for what you’ve done. † â€Å"One team one country† finally became reality. People celebrated the victory regardless of their gender and color. The victory was felt sweet and there couldn’t have been a better reward than feeling pride of a job very well done. This was one historic moment that will always be cherished by South Africa.