Truman and Stalin Eats and West Rivalry free essay sample

Shamil Aly IB History HL Period E 26th January 2011 Re-do Test Essay (Question 2) During the Second World War, Truman and Stalin were allies because the US and the USSR were the two most powerful countries that took part in the war. Their will do defeat Germany is what kept their alliance stable and they became much more powerful after combining their powers. After the Second World War the east and the west were having bad relations which caused a separation of the two areas, Stalin controlled the east while Truman controlled the western areas. The events that occurred during this separation led up to the start of the Cold War. This event was post revisionist; this means that both Stalin and Truman were to blame for start of the Cold War. The reason why they became enemies was because they both wanted to prove to be more powerful and that just made things worse. Both Stalin and Truman had similar and different actions and thoughts while they were in power and their alliance ended which caused them to become eager on making every attempt possible on attacking each other. Before the Cold War both Stalin and Truman were quite defensive. They didn’t plan on any attack to another country but instead focused mostly on protecting their land and themselves in general. This was before the development of the atomic weapons which then changed this and made them feel more confident with their military. They both also had alliances with other countries and this made them feel more secure. The USSR had a stable alliance with China and West Germany which had just been founded. On the other hand the US had an alliance with two European countries being the UK and France. I believe that the fact that they played a defensive role was a good choice because if a war started then many countries would get involved. Later on East Germany was founded and became allies with the US. This means that Germany was split into East and West because they had different allies. Truman and Stalin decide to make a move and overtake Korea, what actually ended up happening was that Korea got split into North and South. Truman was in power of North Korea while Stalin was in power of South Korea. This agitated Truman and Stalin to start a war between each other because they both wanted to keep power in Korea. Then the Marshall Plan containment was made, it stated that the US would support the European countries economically by making loans so that they could rebuild their economy from the damage caused by the Second World War. The Comecon was the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance which was founded by the Soviet Union. It was similar to the ERP and the Comecon stated that Economical support would given to the European countries in order for them to rebuild. Stalin and Truman both had ideological and realpolitik thoughts about the world and didn’t just have one way of thinking. They both refused to stay neutral and they wanted to gain as much power as they could. The atomic age began in 1945 and it started with the US which was led by Stalin. The atomic weapons were developed in private by the Manhattan Project. The Project continued at around the end of the Second World War until July 1945 in which a successful bomb was produced. Stalin was Communist while Truman was Capitalist. Truman tried to end the spread of Communism and he used the atomic monopoly as a threat to the Communists since the US was the only country with atomic weapons. The time in which the atomic weapons became successful was basically the start of the Cold War. US lead the monopoly but scientists figured that it was just a matter of time before Stalin/the USSR developed atomic weapons too. During this time period in which the atomic weaponry wasn’t developed in the USSR made the US feel very powerful. The Truman Doctrine was then brought up by Truman himself. It basically stated that the US would support any government which was being threatened, the Truman Doctrine didn’t mention anything about communism but Truman said that he would let any country get taken over by the USSR which was communist. Stalin had broken promises at Yalta and so Truman decided to get him back by trying to remove troops from Eastern Europe and holding up free elections from the countries that were part of Eastern Europe. Stalin wanted to turn Greece to become communist and so Truman saw this as a good opportunity to start a war against the communists. Truman decided that the best option would be to move all the communists to Russia. Berlin was a Capitalist island in East Germany which was led by Truman. He changed the currency of West Berlin and wanted to make Germany more independent. Truman made a blockade in Berlin and no rivers would lead to Berlin. Truman supplied food to Berlin with the use of aircrafts as a mode of transport. The West lost around 100 million US Dollars using the aircraft method of transport, around 79 deaths occurred and overall it was very expensive. Stalin gave up on Berlin and decided to leave it as a Capitalist island. Stalin then claimed victory of East Berlin and East Germany. West Germany became independent, the Berlin Blockade made Stalin and Truman realize that if they kept wanting more power then the war would never end. This caused the creation of NATO. After Roosevelt died the East and West created bad relations with each other because Truman didn’t get along with Stalin while Roosevelt and Stalin had made peace between each other. Also the UK was being led by a new president which was inexperienced and couldn’t create peace between Stalin and Truman unlike the vice president who could do so. The Cold War started because both Stalin and Truman were eager to gain as much power possible and this created a rivalry between them, the development of the atomic bomb just added to the reasons of why the Cold War should have started. Both Truman and Stalin contributed to the breakdown of the East and West relations.

Power Resistance in Organizations free essay sample

Power, as the most important factor, is used in many forms in a workplace. In 1956, John French and Bertram Raven identified five bases of power – reward, coercive, referent, legitimate, and expert. Reward power consists of having the authority to give incentives to another person in monetary or non-monetary forms. Coercive power is forcing the worker to do something that he does not have a choice over by creating fear. When excessively exercised, this power creates conflicts and problems, leading to decrease in levels of morale and dissatisfaction in the workplace. Referent power is the ability to administer to another sense of personal acceptance or personal approval, and usually will be looked upon as a role model. Legitimate power is an agreement where people of certain roles have the ability to request certain behaviors of others, and rewards and punishments can be expected. Expert power is ability to administer to another individual information, knowledge and expertise. We will write a custom essay sample on Power Resistance in Organizations or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Having the necessary set of skills allows the individual to understand and solve problems efficiently. 2. 1 Power According to Fleming and Spicer (2007), the four faces of power include coercion, manipulation, domination, and subjectification. Coercion involves using authority and force onto workers into complying and performing tasks that are out of their control. An example would be Taylor’s scientific and Fordist mass production regimes, where workers are constantly under supervision. Manipulation is the modification of the worker’s mind set or company plan by doubting and questioning the efforts of the workers. Domination refers to having control over workers, where they are monitored of their activities at all times. Subjectification involves moulding people with a certain set of mutual understanding of themselves and the world. It moulds people into a certain type, using knowledge to produce compliance. 2. 2 Resistance According to Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels (1848), Marxism was one of the methods amongst many others that encouraged autonomy and freedom for workers in organizations. During the Industrial Revolution, workers were severely underpaid for the amount of work performed. Workers were obligated to perform tasks, and workers whom did not perform their tasks properly were punished harshly. Resistance was thus introduced. The four faces of resistance include refusal, voice, escape, and creation. Workers who refused to comply with working rules were confronted by their supervisors. Their aim was to block the effect of power by turning down the authority than changing it. Voice is where workers form up unions in order to dispute on behalf of other workers for their work benefits. To mentally untie from work, workers escape by changing their attitudes and adopting a different identification from the norm. Creation adopts dominion in creation of something that was not proposed by the higher authorities. Voice and creation are often related during resistance.

Similarities between Capitalism and Socialism

Essay Samples About Hemophilia - Tips on Writing the Right Essay Sample

Essay Samples About Hemophilia - Tips on Writing the Right Essay SamplePeople who have hemophilia often get worried when they see the number of essays on the internet about hemophilia. That is because they know that the essay samples about hemophilia are not supposed to be written by those with hemophilia. These types of essays are written by people who do not actually know much about hemophilia but simply wanted to write something to get the attention of people.If you are going to write a conclusion for an essay sample about hemophilia, make sure you know about the topic. You do not want to write something that is too general or too detailed. If you are going to try and write it in an informal way, you do not want to show off your knowledge.It would be great if you could put a list of reasons why you feel you should write a conclusion. It might help if you include some facts that you think would be important in explaining your final message. Also, there are certain skills that peopl e with hemophilia have, and you want to show this when you are writing your essay.Sometimes the hemophiliacs do not even know that their blood does not clot properly, or their abilities to regulate their clotting factor are only average. They can still be very good at sports, so make sure that you include this information when you are writing your essay. This will definitely make your readers happy and increase your chances of getting accepted.When you are creating your own essay samples about hemophilia, make sure that you include a response to this question. Do not write what someone else wrote, but make your own point instead. You should be able to include examples in your essay samples about hemophilia and how this type of disease affects someone.When you are trying to write your own essay samples about hemophilia, you need to be able to include a difference between Hemophilia and other diseases. Most people with hemophilia cannot have children. If you are going to make this poi nt in your essay, make sure that you write about what makes you different from other people with hemophilia.You do not want to give another person the opportunity to make the same point as you, because if you do, you will not be convincing them. Make sure that you include enough information when you are creating your essay samples about hemophilia. If you do this, you will make sure that you are making the right impression.

Youth Unemployment in the UK

Youth Unemployment in the UK Unemployment is a macro-economic situation whereby people are ready to work at the current wage rate but because of the prevailing factors of production are not in a position to get placement.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Youth Unemployment in the UK specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More International Labour Organization defines unemployed people as those who are aged over 16 years and are willing to work and have actively sought employment during the previous four weeks and do not have any paid job. There are various types of unemployment namely: Cyclical unemployment, Frictional unemployment, Structural unemployment, Seasonal unemployment, Voluntary unemployment and under employment (Seymour 2005). Cyclical Unemployment is a type of unemployment, which occurs because of decline in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) especially during periods of contraction/recession or any period when the economy fails to operate at its pot ential. It is controllable thus receives a lot of attention from macro-economic policy analysts. Additionally, it is characterised by temporary suspension without pay due to reduced demand of goods or services they produce and has to last for a period of seven consecutive days (Seymour 2005). Frictional Unemployment is unemployment resulting from people leaving jobs that they do not like and are searching for new employment or people whom either entering or re-entering the labour force to search for a job. Time lapses between separation and discovery of new job. Structural Unemployment represents unemployment caused by permanent shifts in the pattern of demand for goods or services or changes in technology. This requires the employees to undergo training or move to other locations to find new jobs (Seymour 2005). Seasonal Unemployment is a type of unemployment, which is caused by seasonal conditions affecting specific factors. For example, the agricultural sector is dependent on rai nwater. Hence, during periods of good rains there will be high economic activities creating jobs while during periods of dry season there will massive unemployment due to less economic activities. Voluntary Unemployment is unemployment by choice experienced in most of the developed countries. This happens because of the unemployment benefits given by the UK government thus encouraging most youths to look for highly paying jobs. Therefore, in the short-run most of them remain unemployed. Such decisions by most youth have led to increased level of youth unemployment in UK (UK National Statistics).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Underemployment; under normal circumstances people are supposed to work for 6-8 hours a day. Therefore, if an individual works for less than six hours then they are underemployed. This is because the talent or effort is not fully utilized. It can also occur when an individual is working in a sector where their skills are underutilized (Seymour 2005). Most of the youth in UK are either working fewer hours such as part time while others work in sectors where their skills are underutilized (BBC News). Unemployment rate measures the unemployment level. It is the proportion of economically energetic people who do not have jobs (i.e. number of people who are unemployed divided by number of those who are in paid jobs or employed, excluding those who are economically inactive from both numerator and denominators) (UK National Statistics). Statistics of Youth Unemployment in UK Economists and the government have carried out several researches over the years about the youth unemployment rate in the UK. According to Labour Force Survey (LFS), youth unemployment rate in the year 2004 rose from 12% to 15% in the year 2008 (BBC News). The number of unemployed youth between the age of sixteen and twenty five years has risen in the cur rent recession by over 4% since 2008 and then by over 5% in the year 2010. This means that the unemployment rate for people aged 16-24 years is now triple the rate for older people. The rate of unemployment for individuals over 25 years have also followed similar trajectory since 2004. Therefore, the unemployment rate for people over 25 years in 2010 was still lower than that in the early 1990 (BBC News). The Office for National Statistics (ONS) says that the unemployed youth aged 16-24 has risen more than one million, which is the highest for 15 years. The total number of people unemployed is 2.62 million, which is the highest since 1994 according to ONS. The youth have borne the effect of economic slowdown. Thus, out of the 2.62 million, 1.02 million are youth aged between 16 and 24 according to survey carried between July and September last year (HRM Guide 2012). This has led to people claiming job seekers allowance to rise by 5300 to 1.6 million last month according to ONS. The ONS says that this is the highest rate since they adopted the comparable method in 1992 despite the slight change in basis of calculation (HRM Guide 2012). The Institute for Public Policy Research statistics have shown that the unemployment rate of youth aged 18 is 18.5% for boys and 15.3% for girls (HRM Guide 2012). This is the highest rate they have ever witnessed in the UK. It is attributable to the current euro crisis. According to Lord Stevens, the official statistics of the unemployment rate of the youth hit the one million mark for the first time thus more than a fifth of people aged 16 to 24 years do not have jobs (HRM Guide 2012).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Youth Unemployment in the UK specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Causes of Youth Unemployment in the UK Financial Crisis of 2007-2010 The financial crisis that began in the United States caused by the bubble burst in the real estate industry affected s everal banks .It spread across Europe since most of the banks affected were multinationals with operations across Europe. This led to economic slowdown in the economy of UK. Thus, most of the firms scaled down there production capacity. Consequentially, employers are forced to lay off some workers or were not hiring any more employees (Ruhm 2000). The effect of such circumstances has led to the rise of rate of unemployment among the youth since they are continuously completing colleges and are unable to secure employment (HRM Guide 2012). The Cuts in the Public Sector The government has been reducing its spending over the years. The reduction in public sector spending leads to decreased demand of certain goods and services since the government is the biggest consumer in an economy. Therefore, due to the decrease in demand, the production sector has to reduce its production. Thus, some people become redundant leading to sacking. Some of the firms also stop hiring new staff or reduce the number of people employed compared to when the factors of production were being fully utilized. Therefore, the cuts in public spending have led to increased unemployment rate of the youth over the recent years (HRM Guide 2012). Immigration from European Union Since the integration of the UK in the European Union, people are free to move from one member state to another. This encouraged many people to migrate from other member states to UK in such for employment or business purposes. This has led to reduction of summer jobs that were available to university students from UK since most of the jobs go to the immigrants from other member states. Hence, such factors have led to the rise of the number of youth who are unable to secure paid jobs (UK National Statistics). Lack of Required Qualifications Researchers have link the lack of jobs by youths to their poor performance there studies such as in GCSE English and Maths. Most of the students have also not been able to proceed with t heir studies to acquire the necessary professional qualifications required in the job market thus unable to secure employment. This is attributable to laziness from the part of the students to work hard in their academics. The support groups in conjunction with the relevant government sectors have been working hard to ensure the students work towards achieving the relevant qualifications required in the job market.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Influx of Goods from Euro Zone After the UK joined, the European Union this allowed non-restrictive trade between member states. Such an agreement has led to the rise of goods exported to UK therefore increasing competition. This has resulted in the decrease in the demand for UK goods thus the decrease in the productivity of UK firms. They have resulted in lying down of workers and reduction in number of people employed. Therefore, this is one of the major contributions in the rise of level of youth unemployment in the UK. Higher Taxation The taxation rate in UK is high such that the cost of production is high. This leads to decreased demand of products thus firms end up retrenching some of the redundant workers. Effects of Youth Unemployment in UK Increase in Crime The youth would need money for consumption for clothing, food or shelter and since they do not have paid job they feel frustrated and start blaming the society for their misfortunes, hence they end up resulting to crimin al activities to get money. Lord Stevens acknowledged this when he said that unemployed youth would fuel disorder in the streets since dissatisfied youth lack hope for the future. He said disorder like the one experienced last year is evidence of the disquiet of youth due to lack of employment (Poverty Site 2012). Increased Chances of Workers Experiencing Unemployment in Adulthood The continued rise in the rate of youth unemployment increases the probability of a worker experiencing unemployment in his adulthood. The result of this the rise of number of people unemployed thus leading to increase of people claiming job seekers allowance which an increase in government expenditure in terms of transfers which is not healthy for the economy (Poverty Site 2012). Loss of Productivity The youth are the most active people in the society therefore when they are not employed statistics show that this equates to 10 million pounds a day of lost productivity. This translates to a direct cost of unemployed youth of close to 5 Billion pounds annually. Such statistics are worrying since this is a lot of potential wasted. The high levels of unemployment lead to too many people being idle thus high loss of productivity in the overall economy (Poverty Site 2012). Increase in Dependency Levels The rise of levels of youth unemployment has led to high levels in dependant population since they need basic human needs but do not have any source of income. Therefore, the rise in unemployment has increased the number of people depending on the government allowances for job seekers thus increasing the government expenditure. Responses Replacement of Future Jobs Fund with Apprenticeship Scheme The labour Party government initiated the Future Jobs Fund policy. It aimed at creating jobs in the future for the youth. The Conservative –Liberal Democrat coalition government viewed this not to very effective method to address the menace of youth unemployment. It replaced it with the curre nt policy of apprenticeship scheme whereby the youths attached to organizations where they will be working under skilled workers thus they end up acquiring necessary skills. This policy will be more effective in solving the youth unemployment problem than the future jobs fund. Overhaul of Schools Career Guidance The Recruitment and Employment Confederation have proposed an overhaul of the school’s career guidance to encourage students to work hard to acquire the necessary skills for job employment. This encourages students to achieve the necessary professional qualifications necessary for employment. Such policy will lead to students being prepared to join the apprenticeship scheme thus improving the level of youth employment. Scrapping of National Minimum wage Dominic Raab called for the scrapping of National Minimum Wage for the 16-21 year olds people thus increasing the level of youth employment. The minimum national wage is a hurdle to organizations since they incur certa in expenditure thus they end up being limited on the number of employees employed. Therefore, the scrapping of the minimum wage will lead to firms employing more people thus reducing the level of unemployment (Poverty Site 2012). Entrepreneurship Encouraged The government and non-governmental organizations have been implementing programmes that instil entrepreneurship skills in people. Such programmes have led to an increase in the level of people who are self-employed. This has led to rise of people who are self-employed in the UK over the years. It has been a very effective method of addressing the problem of youth unemployment (The Guardian 2012). Reference List BBC News, Economy Tracker. Web. HRM Guide 2012, UK Unemployment: Labour Market Statistics. Web. Poverty Site 2012, Youth Adult Unemployment. Web. Ruhm, C. 2000, Are Recessions Good for Your Health. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 115(2): 617–650. Seymour E. H. 2005, The New Economics: Keynes Influence on Theory and Public Policy. London: Kessinger Publishing. The Guardian, Unemployment and Employment Statistics. Web. UK National Statistics, Guide to Unemployment. Web.

National Alcohol Action Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

National Alcohol Action Plan - Essay Example The rational for this proposal is in a number of legal contentions. First, children are considered as people who are not mature enough to take decisions on their own (ALAC). Knowing that the consumption of alcohol comes with a number of chemical effects that limit the degree at which a person can take decisions decisively, it is purported that in case with children who have to take decisions while they are intoxicated their judgmental abilities could be worsened. What is even worse, because children are generally thought to be people who cannot take tangible decisions, they are mostly not held accountable for their actions including times when they are drunk. For adults, they should face the consequences of breaking other laws and regulations if they do not heed to the advocacy to be prudent in their drinking and get themselves into any form of trouble (Babor et al., 2001). Overview of the Existing Law The existing law has mostly been referred to as extradition of torture. This accol ade might have come about due to the public perception associated with the harshness of the law in trying to control the issue of alcoholism in the land. A little scientific overview on alcoholism or the act of getting intoxicated shows that there could be a number of very negative repercussions on offenders (Centre for Social and Health Outcomes Research and Evaluations, 2006). First and foremost, alcoholism comes with a very perilous health risks including those that affect the heart, lever and lungs (Department of Corrections, 2004). The practice of getting intoxicated also affects the rationality of a person and could be associated with distorted thinking. Such distorted thinking causes people to act abnormally. In the face of legal positivism, which looks at the application of law from social facts, it be said that once a person begins to think irrationally, that person is bound to break other laws; including natural laws such as the peace that people ought to enjoy, physical a ssault, verbal assault and some forms of vandalism. In effect, a law that seeks to stop people from getting intoxicated would not be readily condemned as pessimistic. However, here comes the argument that the present law is not based on the provisions of legal realism as it has its reprimanding attributes from the Bible – a document that is not accepted by the people as the binding constitution from which they should be rules. Strengths of the Existing Law The

Claire's Stores Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Claire's Stores - Essay Example in 1973. Previously, it known as FT Industries after the acquisition of Fashion Tress, Inc. in 1961, and the new name was conceived in 1983, two years before getting enlisted with the New York Stock Exchange. The latest one, however, had been the biggest of all deals and eventually the most popular one with 60 stores scattered in different parts of Chicago. 1994 saw the industry moving out of homeland when it entered into a joint venture with Japan’s Jusco Co., Ltd., which resulted to the opening of the first branch of Claire’s Stores in Tokyo. Eventually, it spread out to 172 other locations by 2006.Though the company had been continuing with its overseas acquisitions since 1993, the next biggest one had been that in 1995 when it purchased Bow Bangles Holding Ltd., a Birmingham based chain of stores. It was followed by the acquisition of Bijoux One, a 53-chain store scattered across Switzerland, Austria and Germany in 1998, and Cleopatre Stores in France with chain of 42 stores. Schaeffer had strategized his moves so as to acquire almost all rival firms of the company. Although it had started out as a fashion accessories group of stores meant for young teenagers, it soon moved into the domain of selling accessories for older teenagers and young women post the acquisition of Afterthoughts in 1999; Afterthoughts had been a giant chain of 768 stores. However, the company had not always divulged into expansive strategies. The acquisition of a unisex garments chain for teenagers in 2002 as well as that of a trendy gift stores chain in 1998 both had proved disastrous for the company compelling Schaefer to eventually sell them away. Operational Information The features that Claire’s Stores Inc. is endowed with are common to almost every successful chain of shops. It had strategically planned its locations so as to stay in areas frequented most by its target customers, consisting of teenagers and young women. In order to keep its costs of operatio n low, the company has arranged distributors and suppliers in the nearest possible locations to their stores. Such a step not only helps to reduce the cost of operation but also arranges distributions within a short span of time. In addition, the company had been exploiting its negotiating powers with vendors to keep the profit margins high and also to compensate for the low footfall during seasonal fluctuations. This is one of the reasons which made the company popular and a common name among young teenagers. Eventually this very fact emerged as the company’s intrinsic strength. Moreover, the company had standardized its strategies in alignment to the upcoming fashion trends in the industry. Management had been one of the most important of all elements under the jurisdiction of the company in compliance to its policy of tracing its strategies in line with upcoming fashion trends. In terms of money management, Claire’s could rather be rated quite highly given that it h ad maintained insignificant levels of debts historically and in 2006 had no debt records as such. Analysis and Evaluation Growth rate in sales The number of stores under Claire’s Inc has increased significantly during the period 1992 to 2006. In the year 1992 the number of stores was 995 and this increased to 3050 in the year 2006. This implies a rise of more than three times. This has been achieved by the company through a rapid acquisition drive pursued by